A developer is promoted to Engineering Director. In his new role, he requires additional administrative privileges. At the same time, he may retain access to production code, development environments, or SSH keys that were necessary for his previous role.
This is exactly where a typical security problem arises: Privilege Creep. This means that permissions accumulate over time but are not consistently removed when an employee changes roles. This is why Identity Lifecycle Management needs to go beyond onboarding alone. A digital identity goes through various phases throughout its entire relationship with an organization: joining, changing roles, ongoing review, and leaving. If these processes are not managed consistently, unnecessary permissions, orphaned accounts, and potential attack vectors can arise.
Key Takeaways
Identity Lifecycle Management prevents permissions from simply remaining in place after a role change or departure — from joining the organization through role changes to leaving.
The Joiner-Mover-Leaver model establishes clear processes for provisioning, access changes, reviews, and deprovisioning.
Automated processes reduce manual errors, prevent Privilege Creep, and provide transparency into access rights across hybrid and complex enterprise environments.
What Is Identity Lifecycle Management?
Identity Lifecycle Management refers to the structured management of digital identities and their permissions throughout their entire lifecycle. This includes creating and provisioning identities when someone joins the organization, adjusting access rights when roles change, conducting ongoing reviews, and fully deprovisioning access when someone leaves. In this context, the focus is not limited to user accounts. External users, service providers, and increasingly non-human identities such as service accounts, APIs, and technical accounts must also be taken into consideration.
The Identity Lifecycle in Detail: Joiner, Mover, Leaver
In practice, the Identity Lifecycle is often described using the Joiner-Mover-Leaver model.
It captures the most important changes to a digital identity and provides a framework for automated processes.
Joiner – Provisioning: When someone joins the organization, their digital identity is created and assigned the basic permissions required for their role. Errors at this stage can quickly result in excessive privileges and therefore create a security risk.
Mover – Access Management: When a person’s position, department, or responsibilities change, their permissions need to change accordingly. It is crucial not only to add new rights, but also to consistently remove obsolete permissions at the same time. This is where Privilege Creep can be prevented.
Review – Monitoring: Permissions should be reviewed regularly. This makes it possible to identify unused privileges, orphaned accounts, and deviations from defined roles at an early stage.
Leaver – Deprovisioning: When someone leaves the organization, all access must be revoked completely and promptly. This applies not only to the central directory, but also to business applications, cloud services, VPN access, and other connected systems.
Role changes in particular often create conflicts between previous and new permissions.
A systematic approach to Segregation of Duties helps identify critical combinations of permissions at an early stage.
Why Manual Processes Reach Their Limits
In many organizations, an employee departure is processed correctly in the central directory: the user account in Active Directory is disabled. However, this does not necessarily mean that the process is complete. Permissions in business applications, cloud platforms, databases, or third-party applications may continue to exist.
This incomplete deprovisioning results in so-called Ghost Accounts, or orphaned access. Such accounts are attractive to attackers because they are often no longer actively used but have also not been completely removed. Automated deprovisioning across multiple systems significantly reduces this risk.
Another aspect is becoming increasingly relevant: digital identities are not limited to people. Service accounts, API keys, applications, and other Non-Human Identities also require clearly defined responsibilities and lifecycles. When such identities are created, modified, or decommissioned, their permissions must also be managed in a traceable manner.
The same lifecycle principle applies to other digital security objects. What matters is that an identity or access credential is not simply created, but remains under control throughout its entire lifecycle.
Identity Lifecycle Management as the Foundation for Identity Security and Compliance
A well-managed Identity Lifecycle primarily supports traceable processes. Organizations can document when an identity was created, when permissions were changed, and when access was revoked. This facilitates internal controls, audits, and audit-proof traceability of access decisions.
This transparency is particularly relevant for IT and security managers, who need to be able to determine at any time who has access to which systems and why. An automated lifecycle process provides a consistent data foundation and reduces reliance on manual individual reviews. Modern IGA approaches therefore combine lifecycle processes with governance, reporting, and automated reviews.
Identity Lifecycle Management is also a key component of Identity Security. When permissions are automatically adjusted following role changes and consistently revoked when someone leaves the organization, the principle of Least Privilege can be implemented in practice. Identity Lifecycle Management therefore also supports modern security approaches such as Zero Trust Security, in which access is not treated as permanently granted.
From a Patchwork of Systems to an Automated IAM Solution
A common starting point for an automated IAM solution is a growing and heterogeneous system landscape: the HR system provides employee data, the central directory manages user accounts, cloud directories control additional access, and business applications have their own permission models. When these systems are considered in isolation, there is no end-to-end lifecycle.
An integrated solution connects the relevant data sources and target systems. Changes from the authoritative source system can be processed automatically. When someone joins the organization, accounts and permissions are provisioned; when their role changes, access is adjusted; and when they leave, access is revoked across systems. This makes processes not only faster, but also more transparent and less error-prone. OEDIV SecuSys considers automated provisioning and centralized interface functionality as key components of a modern IAM solution for enterprises.
Technology alone, however, is not the decisive factor. Before automation, roles, responsibilities, approvals, and interfaces must be clearly defined. Only then can technology reliably map the process.
How OEDIV SecuSys Supports You with Identity Lifecycle Management
OEDIV SecuSys supports organizations in analyzing and further developing their existing identity and access management processes. This includes, for example, reviewing current Joiner-Mover-Leaver processes, identifying manual steps, and assessing existing systems and interfaces.
As a vendor-independent partner, OEDIV SecuSys also supports organizations in selecting a suitable solution. The focus is not on individual products, but on requirements, maturity level, and the existing IAM landscape.
The service portfolio includes assessments, strategy and process consulting, role and access concepts, as well as the implementation and integration of IAM solutions.
Following implementation, OEDIV SecuSys can also support organizations with the long-term operation and further development of their IAM environment as needed. This allows Identity Lifecycle Management to be gradually adapted to new applications, organizational changes, and increasing security requirements.
Identity Lifecycle Management: Think Beyond Onboarding — From Joining to Leaving the Organization
Identity Lifecycle Management is primarily about end-to-end consistency. A secure onboarding process alone is not enough. What matters is that permissions are adjusted whenever an identity changes and completely removed when someone leaves the organization.
Especially in complex enterprise environments with on-premises systems, cloud applications, and numerous business systems, this requirement can hardly be met consistently through manual processes. Automated lifecycle processes provide the necessary transparency, reduce errors, and support robust Identity Security.
Would you like to structure, automate, and secure your Identity Lifecycle? Talk to the IAM experts at OEDIV SecuSys.